This paper discusses the broad concept of biodiversity as it supports human development. First the paper defines biodiversity in the widest sense as the basis for life on earth, the context not withstanding. Second, the paper expounds on the obvious and not so obvious relevance and importance of biodiversity to human existence development. Third, the paper discusses the status of Kenya’s biodiversity, presenting numbers of species, the ecosystems in which they are found, their status and condition and effects of human activities on them. Further,the paper discusses some current efforts and strategies being employed in biodiversity conservation. In the last section, the paper presents policies and practices that support biodiversity conservation in Kenya.